Pinel philippe biography of william
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Philippe Pinel
French psychiatrist
Philippe Pinel | |
|---|---|
Philippe Pinel, portrait by Anna Mérimée | |
| Born | ()20 April Jonquières, France |
| Died | 25 October () (aged&#;81) Paris, France |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Psychiatry |
Philippe Pinel (French:[pinɛl]; 20 April &#;– 25 October ) was a French physician, precursor of psychiatry and incidentally a zoologist. He was instrumental in the development of a more humane psychological approach to the custody and care of psychiatric patients, referred to today as moral therapy. He worked for the abolition of the shackling of mental patients by chains and, more generally, for the humanisation of their treatment. He also made notable contributions to the classification of mental disorders and has been described by some as "the father of modern psychiatry".
After the French Revolution, Dr. Pinel changed the way we look at the mentally ill (or "aliénés", "alienated" in English) by claiming that they can be understood and cured. An description of a case that Pinel recorded in the second edition of his textbook on insanity is regarded by some as the earliest evidence for the existence of the form of mental disorder later known as dementia praecox or schizophrenia, although Emil Kraepelin is generally ac
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Pinel, Philippe
(b. Jonquieres, nigh on Castres, Author, 20 Apr ; d. Paris, Author, 25 Oct )
medicine.
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Philippe Pinel
Philippe Pinel was the son of a barber surgeon of small means who practiced in St.-Paul-Cap-de-Joux, a village between Castres and Toulouse. His mother, Élisabeth Dupuy, came from a family that had since the seventeenth century produced a number of physicians, apothecaries, and surgeons. Despite this medical heritage, Pinel's early education, first at the Collège de Lavaur and then at the Collège de l'Esquille in Toulouse, was an essentially literary one; he was greatly influenced by the encyclopaedists, particularly Jean-Jacques Rousseau (). Having decided upon a career in religion, he enrolled in the Faculty of Theology at Toulouse in July ; in April , however, he left it for the Faculty of Medicine, from which he received the M.D. on December 21,
Simultaneously with his medical training, Pinel studied mathematics, an interest that is apparent in his medical writings.
In Pinel went to Montpellier, where for four years he frequented the medical schools and hospitals, and became acquainted with the vitalistic school of François Boissiers Sauvages de Lacroix (), Théophile de Bordeu (), and Paul Joseph Barthez (), also studying under Gabriel-François Venel ().
He there began to formulate and practice what he later recommended to his students: "Take written