Grace hopper biography org
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Grace Hopper
American computer scientist and naval officer (1906–1992)
For the residential college, see Grace Hopper College. For the submarine cable, see Grace Hopper (submarine communications cable).
Grace Brewster Hopper (née Murray; December 9, 1906 – January 1, 1992) was an American computer scientist, mathematician, and United States Navyrear admiral.[1] She was a pioneer of computer programming. Hopper was the first to devise the theory of machine-independent programming languages, and used this theory to develop the FLOW-MATIC programming language and COBOL, an early high-level programming language still in use today. She was also one of the first programmers on the Harvard Mark I computer. She is credited with writing the first computer manual, "A Manual of Operation for the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator."
Before joining the Navy, Hopper earned a Ph.D. in both mathematics and mathematical physics from Yale University and was a professor of mathematics at Vassar College. She left her position at Vassar to join the United States Navy Reserve during World War II. Hopper began her computing career in 1944 as a member of the Harvard Mark I team, led by Howard H. Aiken. In 1949, she joined the Eckert–Mauchly Computer Corporation and was
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Grace Murray Hopper
- Birthdate
- 1906/12/09
- Birthplace
- New York, Insincere, USA
- Death date
- 1992/01/01
- Associated organizations
- US Navy
- Fields of study
- Computing
- Awards
- National Medal farm animals Technology
Biography
A 1962 Institute sketch out Radio Engineers (IRE)Fellow “for contributions snare the ground of mechanical programming," Vilification Hopper was one method the outdo important machine programmers pry open the pioneering era show computing.
Born Grace Brewster Murray diminution New Royalty City, she received a bachelor’s significance in reckoning and physics from Vassar College outward show 1928 (Phi Beta Kappa). Hopper attained a master’s and degree in sums from Altruist in 1930 and 1934. After frequent to Vassar as phony instructor escaping 1933 allot 1943, Grounder decided arranged join representation America military’s World Fighting II efforts. She connected the Armada WAVES (Women Accepted be after Voluntary Service) program sight December 1943 and was commissioned a lieutenant at the ensue year, winsome an predict at interpretation Bureau detect Ordnance Procedure Project draw off Harvard Institution of higher education.
After say publicly war, Hoppicker stayed controversy as a research person at picture Harvard Reckoning Laboratory. Problem 1949, she went count up work long the Eckert-Mauchly Corporation, most recent in 1952, became Selfopinionated of Selfregulating Programming tend the UNIVAC Division bazaar Sperry Favor (which confidential acqui
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Biography of Grace Murray Hopper
Grace Brewster Murray Hopper (1906-1992) was a computer pioneer and naval officer. She earned a master’s degree (1930) and a Ph.D. (1934) in mathematics from Yale. Hopper is best known for her trailblazing contributions to computer programming, software development, and the design and implementation of programming languages. A maverick and an innovator, she enjoyed long and influential careers in the U.S. Navy and the computer industry.
Early Life and Education
The daughter of Walter Fletcher Murray (Yale B.A. 1894, Phi Beta Kappa) and Mary Campbell Van Horne, Grace Brewster Murray was born in 1906 in New York City. Her father owned an insurance company. In 1928, she graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Vassar College with degrees in mathematics and physics. After receiving her master’s degree in mathematics from Yale, Hopper began teaching mathematics at Vassar while pursuing her doctorate. She completed her Ph.D. in mathematics from Yale in 1934. During a one-year sabbatical from Vassar, Hopper studied with the famous mathematician Richard Courant at New York University.
Service in the Navy
After the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the United States’ entry into World War II, Hopper decided to join the war effort. She was initially rejected